Setting up a governance program for effective management of investment product master data – Part 5 – Standards & Policies

February 11, 2013

This is part 5 of a series of blogs on setting up a governance program for effective management of investment product data - in this blog I will briefly consider the importance of policies and standards.

So having dealt with the political hot potatoes of getting C-level buy-in, agreeing outline terms of reference and formulating a strategy, it is imperative that the governance team / tzar (depending on the level of autocracy in your firm) specify a set of clear and unambiguous policies.

Policies are required to set out the specific objectives across a range of areas, and they should be firmly rooted in the agreed strategy for the governance program.

For example – an element of the strategy could be “We will seek to apply more control to the process of publishing data into the public domain“. From this aspect of the strategy you may decide to specify certain policies that tie back to that strategic thread, for example “the policy in our firm is that all client requests for data must be signed off by compliance“. Clearly there is a relationship between the strategy and the policy…

The governance team/tzar should set out a range of policies to address the stated strategy. Be cognizant of the importance of achieving early and visible wins for the program i.e. do not spend time generating piles of documents to the detriment of delivering visible results. There will be plenty of time to broaden the program once you have some committed champions who not only believe in what you are trying to achieve but can acknowledge the actual accomplishments.

Once you have firmed up on a small set of policies that  address the key elements of your strategy, the next stage is to start formulating the standards that will drive adherence to the policies – so following the above example – where ”the policy in our firm is that all client requests for data must be signed off by compliance“, one of the standards could be “all requests from clients for bespoke client reports should be logged in the ‘reports-requested’ database by the client service team. Only users with a security role of ‘compliance authority’ will have the capability to approve a request in this database and no report shall flow to a third party without reference to an approval record in the ‘reports-requested’ database”.

If you are struggling with discerning your policies from your standards there is a very good diagram here that helps communicate the differences.

The key takeaway here is to keep your initial set of policies small, and in particular relevant to the program strategy. Once you start to develop your policies into standards, and from standards into formalized processes and procedures the workload snowballs at a rapid rate and you are quickly in a place where you are just spinning your wheels and making no visible progress.

Next up I will briefly explain the movement from policies and standards, to process and procedure…


Setting up a governance program for effective management of investment product master data – Part 3 – Defining the Strategy

January 31, 2013

If you have been following the previous parts of this 10 part blog on a blueprint for rolling out a data governance program for investment product data, you will be aware that I have covered aspects such as Organization and Terms of Reference  – to this point just about everything I’ve talked about could apply to any data governance program – now I am talk more about what is specific to the investment product master domain.

Based on the terms of reference for your program, you will have briefly analyzed the drivers within your firm that led to the decision  to apply governance to your client-facing investment product data - and ideally, you will have worked with your stakeholders to construct a simple vision statement that outlines what the program is setting out to achieve.

Defining the strategy is merely adding meat to the bones of the vision statement!

I would expect that before you start exploring the strategy in any detail the following has happened:

  1. Stakeholders have all been identified and there is a broad (high-level) RACI matrix in place for each party
  2. C-Level engagement has happened and there has been formal buy-in that the program is needed
  3. Terms of reference have been drafted and agreed by all stakeholders and outline budgets and business cases documented in full
  4. C-Level executive/committee has signed off the terms/ straw-man budget

If the above has not happened, then I would politely suggest you’re wasting your time and that of many others proceeding any further.

It is likely at this stage you will have conditional approval/buy-in from the executive committee and that to progress they will want to see a detailed strategic plan on what the program will bring to the business.

From a product data perspective, it is likely your firm is facing some (or worst case all) of the following challenges which probably led to the initial discussions around …”we really need a governance program to oversee the management and publication of our investment product data

  • A desire from a client servicing perspective to up the game when it comes to client communications so that investors have access to more timely data, more relevant data and a greater breadth and depth of information than is currently available today.
  • A realization that Dodd-Frank, Volcker, FATCA, AIFMD, UCITS IV / V, KID, Solvency II, the FSOC, the ESRB – all have a common thread – a demand for more transparency, a demand to share information that has not been shared before.
  • Demands from institutional investors to open the lid on reporting holdings in a timely manner (with not so veiled threats to pull mandates)
  • Demands from the sales/distribution team to deliver more timely and consistent information about products to just compete with competitor firms
  • High costs and lengthy lead-time to deliver technology solutions due to the evolution of a cottage industry of silos based on Excel macros and Access databases
  • Compliance team observation that certain investors have access to data about products which other investors in the same product did not receive – an issue for treating customers fairly
  • A concern that data is available to too many people who do not understand what they are “handling”, be that the sensitivity of the data, or the compliance and handling issues that could be connected to the data
  • Operations view that the process of sourcing, cleansing, storing and distributing client facing data is inefficient and error-prone
  • Compliance view that the client-facing data process is manual, non-systematic and has no audit trail
  • Challenges in the sourcing and maintenance of complex or very large data sets
  • A lack of oversight and general understanding that is leading to poor practises evolving un-checked
  • Increased regulatory change is changing the architecture of entire data environment

So, the program drivers along with the views of the stakeholders should form the evolution of the initial business requirement that will go on to form a clear strategic view of what the program is setting out to achieve.

There are many ways to express / communicate the strategy – think of how you would present a business plan – outline the goals and objectives clearly, break the goals down into stages and set them to a prioritized timeline.

Think about all of the activity that will need to happen to create a structured framework that can set about delivering the strategy:

  • Establishment of domain-specific working groups
  • Identification, agreement and documentation of the strategic business goals for the program
  • Identification and documentation of the policies that set the strategy in stone
  • Specification of the standards that will need to be agreed
  • Plans for how you will bring together the people, process and technology to deliver
  • Complete understanding and documentation of the data architecture for the data domain in scope
  • Requirements for oversight and control
  • Building out the processes and procedures for data quality management
  • Agreeing and delivering the KPIs that will allow you monitor the data quality management activities
  • Evolution of a data dictionary to ensure understanding of the data domain end-to-end
  • Identification of the Target Operating Model and the steps along the way to the future-state

So hopefully, now you will appreciate why you could be wasting a whole load of time and effort if you engage fully without having really clear buy-in at C-Level.

Next up I will discuss models for stewardship…


Setting up a governance program for effective management of investment product master data – Part 1 – Organization

January 15, 2013

It is not without reason that I chose “organization” as the first theme in this series of blogs on a blueprint for setting up a program of governance for effective management of Investment Product Master (IPM) data in an asset management firm – every firm is different. Each firm has its own unique blend of culture, history and esoteric business practices that mean that there is no cookie cutter type solution to implementing a program of governance for IPM data. This is why having a clear understanding of the mechanics that make your organization tick is a key element in kick-starting the activities needed.

Some key questions that need to be asked:

- Who in the firm cares about the quality of the product data being pushed into the market about your funds? I would expect the answer here to include at least someone at C-Level, probably the COO and potentially the CFO. I expect the Head of Distribution will care passionately about the quality and timeliness of information being pushed to prospective and actual clients. I expect the Risk/Compliance department to care – after all this is their job! I would expect various operational heads will have a keen interest – such as, Head of Product, Head of Performance/Attribution and finally, I expect that someone in the Treasury function whose role is oversight of back-office accounting data flows i.e. price and income would have a vested interest. For sure, there are others that belong in this group but I am trying to keep this at a high level.

- Is there one person or team in the firm who is directly accountable and /or responsible for the quality of information published about the firm’s funds and investment accounts? I often get a variety of answers here – sometimes you will find there is a data governance team and/or Chief Data Officer / Czar in place, but more often than not you will find their effective remit is actually quite limited in scope and the breadth of the data they are responsible for does not extend to your own Investment Product Master data – why is this? I think it is because firms believe this data, being their own, must be of good quality. The reality is that this data is often cobbled together across a disparate range of in-house silos, many of which are collections of Excel macros and Access databases, mixed in with some actual systematic feeds of data from systems that have not been manually altered. Sometimes, you will find that in fact there is a person or team with direct responsibility for the product data – quite often the Head of Marketing, or the Head of Performance.

What is the goal here? Well if you have found through your questioning that there is neither a person nor a team who is directly accountable, nor any team that is responsible – you need to work through the list of people who ‘care’ to create a initial committee or steering group to run your governance program. This is the most basic step – the formation of groups within your firm who will take the initiative and drive this forward.

Whether the program is managed by committee or by a specific person depends on the organizational culture – do whatever works in your firm. But, without a doubt,  this initiative will fail within weeks if you do not have executive sponsorship and full engagement from at least one C-level executive.

One thing I would stress – particularly if your firm already has a data governance function – if this existing function does not have a specific and obviously executed mandate to take and apply control to your investment product data, then set up a new team/program to take on this very specific mandate. Too often you will find that there is a broad program of activity in place – but that it is highly focussed on the investment books and records and the data/systems that are feeding into investment decisions made within the trading and portfolio management teams. There is often little or no focus on the product data that the firm is sending out to the public domain and on which the firm’s clients are making (or not making) decisions to invest in the firm’s own funds (or accounts).

Certainly if I were the Head of Distribution, Client Services, Marketing or Compliance/Regulation - this would be very high on my agenda. The sales and distribution engines need good quality and timely data to compete for new assets and retain existing clients. Remember my earlier post, data is the oil in the sales engine!


How good is the quality of your investment product data?

November 19, 2010

In one of my previous posts on Data Quality Denial I promised to follow-up with a post on how to evaluate the quality of your data…in fact when I am asked by someone from the industry “what do you?” – I often respond immediately with the question “How good is the quality of your investment product data?”.

Read the rest of this entry »


Data Damnation – how do I get message across that there is a problem?

May 4, 2010

I spoke to a really frustrated “Client Reporting Data Manager” at the FSO “Investment Management Industry Transformation and Outsourcing Strategies Forum” in London on April 20th last.

Their issue was that their institutional client reporting team spent more time fixing up masses of data prior to publication than they do actually on reporting to clients.

I have referred to this concept on many occasions as “just-in-time” data management – the just-in-time data management operating model can be a disaster and I would not recommend it as a modus operandi.

So how do you go about getting out of the state of “data damnation”?

First of all you need to drop the operations hat and don the sales hat – because you clearly have an issue and you are going to have get buy-in from top-down and bottom-up that the issue should be addressed.

Next question – how do I go about getting buy-in that there is a problem that needs to be solved? Well before you start talking about your problem you need to build a business case – don’t waste valuable C-level time bringing a problem to the table without bringing the solution. Remember at C-level many of the actors are not aware there is an issue – using the duck pond analogy – what they see is a duck swimming across the pond gracefully i.e. they believe that the company’s client-facing data is of good quality and is timely, accurate and consistent – what they do not realize or see is that beneath the surface the duck’s legs are paddling furiously i.e. the process of producing high quality data is enormously manual, non-systematic, high-risk and resource intensive.

So…

1. Build a solid business case that highlights the upsides that will be delivered by moving away from the ‘just-in-time’ model to a model that is structured around governance, de-centralized ownership, accountability, oversight and transparency. Examples of upside sells are:

  • Better client facing data will mean you have happier, “stickier” clients. Your sales/distribution network will place greater trust in your data and you will ensure that there are no outflows, loss of mandates etc due to poor quality data being received by your clients. Identify clients / mandates you have lost due to poor service or bad quality data – identify the exact financial costs to your company.
  • Identify the potential upside in new mandates and inflows as a result of brand recognition in the market for having excellent high quality data
  • Identify how your own team’s ‘output’ will improve – get specific on the activities you will be able to devote more time to as a result of not having to chase your tail, fixing data at the last minute.

2. Outline the risks that will be mitigated by moving to the new target model – you need to don the insurance sales person’s hat here. You should talk about the following:

  • Identify the cost of the accident which is waiting to happen
  • Identify the probability of the accident happening if no action is taken
  • Put an actual value on the following: the damage to your brand and reputation – what cost would be involved from a marketing perspective to dampen negative PR as a result of the accident happening? Some would argue your brand and reputation are priceless – that is because the PR cost to put it right runs into millions and tens of millions od dollars in many cases. What impact would it have on your AUM base – note the 400m USD outflows from AXA Rosenberg recently due to negative news – this was reported on FUNDfire on April 29th 2010 – “AXA Rosenberg has been fired from a $400 million enhanced large-cap equity mandate by theFlorida State Board of Administration...
  • Put a value on the cost of a fine from the regulator – remember the fines are now commonly a 7  figure value
  • What impact would a regulator fine have on your brand?

3. Outline the costs that will be saved and include:

  • How many FTEs will be reduced / re-allocated as a result of your new operating model?
  • How will your vendor relationships change? – outline how it will be simpler to move particular vendors once you have a clean data interface – typically vendors who supply services such as client reporting, automated fact sheets, micro-sites and compliance have deeply-embedded, difficult to shift relationships – they know this and charge a premium as a result.

If you do not have a strong data governance organization permeating your company, set about introducing one – this really does require strong “C-level” leadership and drive – many companies adopt the ‘Chief Data Officer’ role, or Data Tzar, while others employ a broader steering committee approach where senior data stewards oversee the data governance at a company level. Each approach has its own merits and typically the organization’s culture will determine the best fit.

Identify data stewards who will take ownership of data at the ‘origination’ of that data i.e. at the earliest point in your structure – i.e. where the data enters your structure or is created within your structure. This is the aspect of the ‘sales process’ that is bottom-up. This will be a thankless, fruitless task if you have not executed the top-down sales process.

I will follow up soon with a post that deals with what the target operating model for client-facing data should look like…

As an aside, at the same FSO event, I was the moderator on the “Thought Leadership: Best Practices for Data Management, Performance Measurement and Client Reporting” panel.

The background theme to the panel discussion centered on the rapid technological advancements and evolving operational initiatives that have brought into focus the importance of centralized data management. These changes also highlight the need to translate mundane data into meaningful strategies and analysis to enhance client reporting. The panelists’ goal was to debate the pressures of effective data management and the role of shared industry data utilities in the financial services sector. The discussion was also to focus on the latest technological advancements that support valuable data management, improved client reporting and servicing and a sound performance measurement framework.

The specific topics discussed were:

  1. Drivers for re-architecting data management post the financial crisis Read the rest of this entry »

TSAM 2010: How to get the message across internally that investment in data management should be done

March 16, 2010

I was at the TSAM (UK) 2010 event that was held on March 9th in London and was lucky enough to get myself onto two of the panel discussions on the data management stream.

The following is a synopsis of discussion one – “How to get the message across internally that investment in data management should be done” – the theme for the discussion was broadly around the following topics

Getting buy-in from the business to enable generation of value for business, where and how?

  • How to get action plans signed off and accepted through the ranks
  • The impact of data quality on exposure to risk, client satisfaction, costs and audit overhead
  • Considerations around outsourcing / off-shoring to create a utility for data management and the cost factor
  • What are the implications of delivering poor quality data to the market?

The panelists were:

  • Hans Lux, Enterprise Data Architect, UBS Global Asset Management
  • Shannon Walker, IT Architect, Deutsche Bank
  • Ronan Brennan, Chief Technology Officer, MoneyMate
  • Colin Close, President, Netik
  • Gerard Walsh, Head of Change Management, Web and CRM, Schroders
  • Danielle Newland, Product Manager, Data Management, Eagle Investment Systems
  • Abbey Shasore, Chief Executive Officer, Factbook

The key focus of the discussion centered on how you should go about getting buy-in from the business that investment in data quality management needed to be made. Some of the key points made in the discussion were as follows….

One panelists view was that you have to prove you are getting value for the business.

It is challenging as you have to get funding to fix the problem and a lot of the time, more people are “thrown” at the problem.

“C-Level” do not necessarily care how much time people are spending on this area – they are more concerned with whether it is happening.

Clear viewpoints were expressed that – to assist the selling process you need to provide metrics to support the buy-in request e.g.

  • How many adjustments do you make each month to your reports
  • How can you report to a client on e.g. what is my exposure to “x” (where x is a troubled company)

Senior management often do not realize just how much work goes into data cleansing.

Also, sometimes people in the middle-office are hardest to convince – they are used to current practices and “it’s the way we’ve always done it”.  People “in the trenches” can be convinced more easily as they know exactly what is involved and how much pain they go through to get their data to market.

Another panelist was of the opinion that oftentimes data management is not the main project, often the main project will be around outsourcing or client reporting. The difficulty is sometimes building the case and showing that data management is a necessity. The “audit argument”  can be your best friend – where you can demonstrate audit trails for all of your data points.

My own view here was that the likelihood of getting buy-in would be directly correlated to how well data governance is managed within the organization already. If the organization does not have an existing governance structure, be it an data czar regime or committee led, then it is unlikely that data management and data quality are high up on the C-Level agenda and this will make life harder.

My point here was that if a culture of ownership and accountability for data quality does not pre-exist then this is in fact your first challenge and you need to get the messages across vis-a-vis the relative advantages and disadvantages that strong data governance delivers.

Additionally, I tried to make the point that there is no point selling just a positive or a negative story – you need to have a really well-balanced argument that is quantifiable in either how it will drive costs down, or make the business more efficient – balanced with the great upside stories of client retention, satisfaction and inflows – counter balanced with the risk mitigation scare stories – or as Colin Close eloquently referred to them as “the accident that has not happened yet”.

One of the other panelist’s view was that ideally projects should not be positioned as data management – if you go to your COO and say there’s a problem with our data they will respond – “what’s wrong with it and why haven’t you fixed it already” – which to be honest is not very far from many people’s reality. The key is to demonstrate that you will either generate more revenue or reduce costs – or preferably both!

There was a question from floor: “how do I get my Finance Director to sign off an investment of half a million dollars in a problem they don’t recognize?”. This obviously generated some stimulating debate along the lines of..

  • It’s back to generating revenue, attracting more customers or else reducing costs.
  • Data management is a “secret” strategy – it might be perceived as a “nice to have” – always bring it back to costs, performance etc.
  • Vendors must prove value and benefits achieved – and – demonstrate real ROI.

In summary though the panelists views were fairly clear – ensure you have very clear ROI and a real business case.

To whatever extent possible deliver real world cost-benefits – be subjective if you have to – but do not over sell on fear – if your case is built on clear quantifiable measures the proposal will sell itself.

Next the discussion moved onto considerations around offshore and outsource and particularly how each could impact data management.

Again the panel had clear and common view points – data ownership, accountability and transparency are all key aspects you must get right before you engage.

Don’t try to push your existing issues over the proverbial “fence” – this was also a key element of a later talk presented by Invesco.

Gerard from Schroders made an interesting aside at this stage which is worth sharing: “what piece of data is never wrong?”

!Payroll!

Which is a really excellent point and this goes back to ownership – find the person responsible for each piece of data – make sure they are accountable, and make sure that their ownership is transparent – i.e. track and measure quality – ensure MIS is centralized and visible to all players, albeit at different levels of ‘depth’.

Another panelist thought that – when outsourcing, the client must have a very clear picture of what they want to do and where they want to go.

While one of the other speakers had the view that – you can’t completely outsource data management as the client needs to be heavily involved in all parts of the process but you can outsource parts of it.

My own view point here was that if you’re looking to outsource or offshore aspects of the data management process it must be done in a with-source model, this is ‘MoneyMate-ism” we use to explain our own ‘outsource’ model which is not truly outsourced, but rather it is very much partner-oriented. My view is that your outsourcer must actually be working with you on a partnership-oriented relationship – it cannot be supplier-client – it must be equal, with shared risks and rewards. Cost should never be the core driver in a partnership but obviously cost-control should be!

In my own experience certain things really help in getting “with-source” to work

  • A partnership approach as opposed to client-supplier
  • Service Level Agreements should not be a fixed schedule in a contract. They need to be designated as working documents, they should be reviewed and amended at least quarterly
  • Data dictionaries should be defined as the first step in the BA discovery phase to mitigate mis-communication risks

One of the panelists had an interesting point here – “Trust is good, control is better.”

Another’s view was – “if you outsource a bad process, you will be even worse off.”

There were also discussions on the impact of data quality on exposure to risk, client satisfaction and overhead.

Again the viewpoints were fairly consistent – and in summary

  • Risk: fairly obvious answers here were that reputational damage was the key risk, the financial world is built on reputation and you should take whatever reasonable means possible to prevent tarnishing your brand. Clearly there are also financial risks, be they penalties from regulators, loss of major clients, or outflows.
  • Client service: good data means better trust – bad data leads to lack of trust – lack of trust will damage client relationships and lead to loss of clients and outflows
  • Overhead: there are really clear overhead benefits, be that direct cost savings, resource refocus or process efficiency to be achieved. Obviously getting rid of manual error prone processes was the key benefit, but also audit overhead costs should be driven down.

To round off the moderator asked what the top 3-ways to get buy-in for investment in this area – naturally not everyone had the same top 3-ways, but the following were recurring themes:

  • Present a case with quantifiable upsides and cost savings – ensure the cost benefits are clear and tangible
  • Promote benefits of governance, (de-centralized) ownership, accountability, (centralized) oversight and transparency
  • Mitigation of serious risk – get across the message about the accident that has not happened yet. Use real-world case studies – do not ignore potential exposure to risk.

Other points made were;

Data management needs to be looked at an enterprise level. It is a strategic play, not just business level or departmental level.

Vendors should sell pain, sell gain and take advantage of opportunities. Don’t just sell negatives – look at ROI and quantify it.

Front, middle and back office don’t understand each other and don’t work together. Organizations need to build up the ethos of “we’re all in the same lifeboat trying to get to the same shore!”.

Initiatives like this are COO level and COOs are the people that need to be convinced!


Technology is not a panacea for all data quality ills

February 1, 2010

I like to think of myself as a technology evangelist (I guess that makes me a born again technologist!), so it may sound strange coming from a technologist to say that technology is not the solution to all data quality ills – but it is the reality.

I was talking to the Head of Client Reporting in a global asset manager recently and they were explaining to me that their IT department was going to build a data warehouse to fix all the issues they are having with data quality. I asked them “is the data warehouse going to take responsibility for fixing the inaccurate data?” and the response was that the IT department was going to service the platform, and that the rules engine would detect bad data and the IT/Operations team would fix-it-up before distributing it to the client reporting solutions and micro-sites. I wasn’t hugely surprised by this approach –  I guess it was better than trying to get the client reporting or marketing teams to “own” data quality.

Let’s be honest here – this is not the way to address data quality issues.

Technology has a role, as do the IT/Operations departments, as do the client reporting and marketing teams – but their role is not to build a just-in-time data quality servicing platform.

If you want to deliver high quality data to your clients you do not handover ownership of the data to a team who are neither the source of the data, nor possess the business domain knowledge to manage the data.

The best data quality initiatives in the industry today all have 2 common traits:

(1) Ownership at Source: ownership and accountability for all data should be driven back to the original source of that information. There must be a culture of responsibility for “data quality at source” throughout the organization. If data quality is being resolved ‘just-in-time’ at the pre-publication stage then you will have multiple streams of the same data – with error and without error – in the organization.

(2) Centralized Oversight: organizations with good quality data all have a centralized oversight function with a strong culture of data quality that is driven by a C-level mandate. Different companies implement this in different ways and there is no wrong or right way. The ‘Chief Data Officer’ title is no longer new, nor are titles like ‘Data Czar’ or ‘Data Quality Steering Committee’. Some organizations tackle this in a top-down approach, other in a bottom-up – who cares – as long as the approach is aligned with the company’s existing culture and that ownership/accountability is clear for all to see.

At the end of the day it should be clear that the solution to Data Quality is a combination of People (culture), Process and Technology – using and applying the correct balance of each sub-solution is important.

Technology should  frame a process and empower the people to carry out the process efficiently – it is not the solution in itself.

So what role does technology have to play?

  • Framework: technology has a definite role to play in the provision of a structured framework, within which the data quality process can be operated efficiently.
  • Ownership: we can use technology to formalise the ‘ownership’ of data sources – forcing such sources to be accountable for issues they originate using process flow and feedback loops
  • Alerting, reminding and escalation: technology is an excellent foil to alerting a source to data quality issues originating from them, reminding that source if they have not taken action and escalating issues that are not being dealt with a timely manner. Using technology in this way empowers the people operating the process to take ownership and be accountable for their actions.
  • Operational oversight, trend monitoring, management reporting: management requires many different slices and dices of the data quality process. We should use technology to automate the production of KPIs and Balanced Scorecard views of the process – ideally on central platforms accessible to all participants and interested parties to the process. Good MIS data allows the data quality owner (CDO, Data Czar etc) to understand which sources are not taking ownership, which sources are slow to deliver corrections, and to delve into the root causes of the problems being discovered – assuming that root cause is being tracked by the exception clearing process.
  • Business rule application and exception management: technology has a definitive role to play when it comes to automating the application of business rules and the management of exceptions generated by those rules.
  • ETL: Extract, Transform and Load….. clearly technology has a role when it comes to centralizing the data into a single view / vision / source.
  • Workflow: creating an event driven process within a strong technology framework will further enable people to take control of the data, allowing them to be accountable and take ownership for data quality issues they created.
  • Data mining: if you have taken the approach to centralize your data into a high quality data repository then obviously technology has a clear role to play when it comes to mining and querying that data. Just ask yourself, how many asset managers wished they had a single query that could have reported their exposure to Lehman paper in September 2008?

So all technologists out there, please adopt some pragmatism when it comes to implementing your data quality initiatives - technology is not and never will be the solution – but it certainly helps!


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